Everything about Cab Over totally explained
Cab-over, also known as
COE (Cab Over Engine),
cab forward, or
forward control, is a body style of
truck or
van that has a vertical front or "flat face", with the
cab of the truck sitting above the front
axle. This truck configuration is currently common among
European and
Japanese truck manufacturers, because the laws governing overall vehicle lengths are strict and the body style allows longer trailers or a longer cargo area for the same overall length.
Although popular among
United States heavy truckers and trucking companies during the 1970s because of strict length laws in many states, in the U.S. most heavy trucks use other body styles. It is however still very popular in the light and medium truck segment, such as the
Isuzu NPR series. Most
Japanese minivans like the
Suzuki Carry,
Toyota Hiace and
Mitsubishi Delica also utilize this engine layout. It was also used for the (rear engined)
Volkswagen Type 2 van, and in military vehicles such as the
Land Rover 101 Forward Control and the
Pinzgauer High Mobility All-Terrain Vehicle.
History
The Sternberg company of
Wisconsin produced cab over trucks as early as 1907, though by 1914 only their seven-ton model was a cab over. They reintroduced the cab-over layout in 1933 with their "Camel Back" model, which allowed the cab to be tilted to access the engine.
The introduction of the first modern cab over layout in the US is credited to industrial designer
Viktor Schreckengost; in 1932 Schreckengost and engineer Ray Spiller designed a cab over truck for the
White Motor Company. The laws of the time limited truck length to 42 ft on highways, and by siting the cab over the engine, they could save several feet of cab length and add that to the trailer capacity. Schreckengost patented the design in 1934.
White-Freightliner later introduced the first tilting cab over design in 1958, which allowed the entire cab to tilt forward to access the engine.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Cab Over'.
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